Thuật ngữ AI
Từ điển đầy đủ về Trí tuệ nhân tạo
Hippocampus
Brain structure in the medial temporal lobe, essential for consolidation of episodic memory and spatial navigation, often modeled by artificial neural networks.
Place Cells
Neurons in the hippocampus that selectively activate when the individual is in a specific location in the environment, forming a cognitive map of space.
Grid Cells
Neurons in the entorhinal cortex that exhibit a periodic spatial activation pattern in the form of a hexagonal grid, providing a metric system for spatial navigation.
Hippocampal Index Theory
Theoretical model postulating that the hippocampus does not store memories themselves but acts as an index pointing to distributed representations in the neocortex.
Memory Consolidation
Neurobiological process by which a fragile short-term memory becomes stable long-term, involving interactions between the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex.
Neural Replay
Spontaneous sequential reactivation of neural activity patterns during rest or sleep, thought to underlie memory consolidation and planning.
Sharp-Wave Ripples (SWRs)
High-frequency electrophysiological oscillations (140-200 Hz) in the hippocampus, correlated with neural replay and memory consolidation.
Theta-Gamma Coupling
Phenomenon of interaction between theta (4-10 Hz) and gamma (30-100 Hz) oscillations in the hippocampus, facilitating the encoding and retrieval of sequential information.
Hopfield Model
A recurrent neural network that serves as associative memory, capable of storing and retrieving complete patterns from partial cues, inspired by hippocampal dynamics.
Memory Trace (Engram)
The physical and enduring representation of a memory in the brain, formed by long-lasting modifications in synaptic strength within a specific neural network.
Pattern Separation
A computational process by which the hippocampus makes representations of similar memories more distinct to avoid interference during retrieval.
Pattern Completion
The hippocampus's ability to retrieve a complete memory from a partial or degraded cue, through the reactivation of the neural network corresponding to the memory trace.
Marr's Model
A theoretical framework for understanding information processing systems, breaking down analysis into computational, algorithmic, and implementation levels, applied to memory.
Hippocampal Working Memory
The hippocampus's capacity to actively maintain and manipulate information over a short period, essential for forming new episodic associations.