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Sentiment Analysis by Lexicon
Sentiment analysis method that evaluates the polarity of a text based on the sum of sentiment scores of the words it contains, derived from a pre-labeled lexicon.
Polarity Lexicon
Dictionary where each word is associated with a polarity score (positive, negative, neutral) used to quantify the sentiment expressed in a text.
Sentiment Score
Numerical value resulting from the aggregation of polarity scores of words in a text, indicating the overall sentiment orientation of that text.
Lexical Weighting
Technique consisting of assigning different weights to words in the lexicon based on their importance or sentiment strength to refine the calculation of the final score.
Valence
Psychological dimension measuring the pleasant or unpleasant character of a stimulus, often represented on an axis ranging from negative to positive in lexicons.
Lexical Negation
Process of detecting and processing negation words (e.g., 'not', 'no') that reverse the polarity of the terms they modify in the text.
Intensifier
Word or adverb (e.g., 'very', 'extremely') that modifies the intensity of the polarity of an adjacent term, amplifying or attenuating its sentiment score.
Specialized Lexicon
Polarity dictionary designed for a specific domain (e.g., finance, medicine) to account for the particular semantics of terms in that sector.
Rule-Based Approach
Lexicon analysis paradigm that uses a set of grammatical and syntactic rules to interpret relationships between words and calculate sentiment.
Arousal Score
Complementary measure to valence, quantifying the level of activation or emotional excitement (calm vs. agitated) associated with a word or text.
Affective Lexicon
Type of enriched lexicon that associates words not only with their polarity but also with specific emotions (joy, anger, sadness, etc.) and intensity scores.
Score Normalization
Post-processing step that adjusts the raw sentiment score to bring it into a standardized scale (e.g., -1 to 1), facilitating comparison between texts of different lengths.
Semantic Shift
Phenomenon where the meaning or polarity of a word evolves over time, making static lexicons potentially obsolete for analyzing recent texts.
Tokenization for Lexicon
Process of segmenting a text into lexical units (tokens) that must precisely match the lexicon entries for effective score calculation.
Lemmatization for Lexicon
Technique of reducing words to their canonical form (lemma) to increase lexicon coverage and aggregate scores of variants of the same term.
Dependency Lexicon
Lexicon that considers syntactic dependency relationships between words to determine which term modifies the polarity of another, improving analysis accuracy.