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Conversational Agent
Software entity designed to simulate human conversation through text or voice interfaces, using natural language processing techniques to understand and respond to queries.
Chatbot
Type of conversational agent specialized in text-based interactions, often deployed on messaging platforms or websites to automate customer service or information tasks.
NLU (Natural Language Understanding)
Subfield of natural language processing that focuses on semantic interpretation and the intent behind user utterances, enabling machines to understand meaning rather than just words.
NLG (Natural Language Generation)
Inverse process of NLU consisting of transforming structured data or internal logical representation into coherent and natural text sentences for the user.
Intent Recognition
Classification task aimed at identifying the main goal or intention of the user from their utterance, such as 'book a flight' or 'check order status'.
Entity Extraction
Process of identifying and classifying key information (entities) such as names, dates, locations, or amounts in unstructured text to structure the user query.
Dialogue Management
Central component of a conversational agent that maintains the conversation state, manages the flow of exchanges, and decides the action or response to produce at each turn.
Turn-Taking
Mechanism that manages the alternation of speaking turns in a conversation, determining when the system should listen, process input, and generate a response.
Fallback Intent
Default intent triggered when the system fails to understand the user's request or match it to a defined intent, allowing for graceful failure handling.
Context Tracking
Ability of a conversational agent to remember and use information from previous exchanges to maintain a coherent and relevant conversation across multiple turns.
Slot Filling
Technique for collecting information necessary to execute a task, where the chatbot asks targeted questions to fill missing 'slots' (variables) in a predefined schema.
Utterance
Textual or vocal representation of a user's turn of speech, serving as input data for NLU models in the context of training or inference.
Conversational Flow
Logical and sequential structure of a dialogue, mapping the different possible paths of a conversation based on user intents and responses.
Hybrid Chatbot
Conversational agent combining rule-based (deterministic) approaches for simple tasks and AI models (probabilistic) to handle more complex and varied queries.
Handoff Protocol
Defined mechanism for transferring a conversation from a chatbot to a human operator when the request exceeds the system's capabilities or is explicitly requested by the user.
Disambiguation
Process by which a chatbot asks the user for clarification when multiple interpretations are possible for the same request, in order to reduce ambiguity.